Magnesium3
Highly Bioavailable Magnesium Compounds* (Magnesium Citrate, Bisglycinate & Ascorbate)
Supports healthy cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, endocrine, neurological, and metabolic function.*
Magnesium citrate, magnesium bisglycinate, and magnesium ascorbate are fully-reacted, organically-bound magnesium salts known to have excellent bioavailability.1-5 Magnesium3 is carefully formulated with only minimal and natural excipients.
Magnesium deficiency is a common concern in today's society since stress depletes magnesium, and many people do not consume the recommended daily amount of magnesium from food. Due to the numerous health benefits of adequate magnesium intake, supplementation may be indicated for individuals dealing with high levels of stress and stress-related health concerns.*
Supplementation with Magnesium3:
- Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
- Inhibits platelet aggregation & dilates blood vessels*
- Provides nutritional support for muscles & bones*
- Reduces muscle spasm & soreness*
- Supports healthy bone density*
- Supports normal vitamin D synthesis & activity*
- Supports normal energy metabolism*
- Supports cognitive function*
- Enhances positive mood*
- Improves adaptability to stress*
- Improves insulin sensitivity*
How Does Magnesium3 Work?
Magnesium3 is formulated with highly bioavailable magnesium salts for cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, endocrine, neurological, and metabolic support.*
What the research shows:
Magnesium plays many crucial roles in human physiology. It is involved in hundreds of enzymatic processes in the body that, in turn, influence the function of numerous body systems and metabolic pathways.
Magnesium supports cardiovascular function. It acts as a natural calcium channel blocker and a cofactor for maintaining cell membrane potential, which is crucial for establishing a steady, regular heartbeat.6,7 Magnesium decreases the vascular and endothelial inflammation involved in atherosclerosis and hypertension.8,9 Low magnesium levels induce an inflammatory state in general, which can have detrimental effects on the body.10
Magnesium influences electrolyte levels inside cells by moderating cell membrane transport and cell-substrate adherence. Acting as a counterbalance to calcium, magnesium encourages muscle relaxation by increasing the reuptake of calcium after muscle contraction.11,12
Magnesium is a structural nutrient that maintains the health of bones and teeth. Around 60% of magnesium is stored in bone, with most of the remainder in the skeletal muscle and soft tissues. Depleted magnesium levels and the resulting chronic inflammation are known to increase bone loss, whereas magnesium supplementation has been shown to reduce bone loss.13
Studies show that stress and magnesium are linked: increased stress causes urinary loss of magnesium, and elevated catecholamine concentrations have been shown to lower serum magnesium levels.14,15 In addition, low magnesium levels can worsen the overall cumulative negative effects of the stress response.16 Magnesium supplementation has been shown to lower cortisol levels while improving swimming and running times in competitive triathletes.17 In situations of chronic stress, increased intake of magnesium may be required to maintain adequate magnesium stores.
Magnesium is also necessary for normal neurological function and neurotransmitter release.18 The links between magnesium status and mental health are well-documented by research. Magnesium-deficient diets in animals are associated with depressive and anxiogenic behaviors.19 Low magnesium status also appears to correlate with depression in humans, although more research is needed to fully confirm the link.20 Increased magnesium intake also has been shown to decrease neuronal overexcitation and improve reasoning coherence.21
Blood sugar and insulin problems also correlate with low magnesium levels. Research shows that diabetic patients are commonly deficient in magnesium, and low magnesium levels are associated with insulin resistance.22-24 Diabetes is more common in people with low magnesium intake, and complications of diabetes are more prevalent in diabetics with low magnesium levels.24 Magnesium supplementation may help to stabilize blood sugar, restore insulin sensitivity, and normalize insulin-induced changes in cortisol output.25,26
References:
1 Ranade VV, Somberg JC. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of magnesium after administration of magnesium salts to humans. Am J Ther. 2001;8(5):345-357. doi:10.1097/00045391-200109000-00008
2 Schuette SA, Lashner BA, Janghorbani M. Bioavailability of magnesium diglycinate vs magnesium oxide in patients with ileal resection. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1994;18(5):430-435. doi:10.1177/0148607194018005430
3 Lindberg JS, Zobitz MM, Poindexter JR, et al. Magnesium bioavailability from magnesium citrate and magnesium oxide. J Am Coll Nutr. 1990;9(1):48-55. doi:10.1080/07315724.1990.10720349
4 Walker AF, Marakis G, Christie S, et al. Mg citrate found more bioavailable than other Mg preparations in a randomised, double-blind study. Magnes Res. 2003;16(3):183-191.
5 Wilimzig C, Latz R, Vierling W, et al. Increase in magnesium plasma level after orally administered trimagnesium dicitrate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1996;49(4):317-323. doi:10.1007/BF00226334
6 Romani AM. Magnesium in health and disease. Met Ions Life Sci. 2013;13:49-79. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7500-8_3
7 Ross AC, et al., eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 11th ed. Baltimore, Mass: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012:159-75.
8 Rayssiguier Y, Libako P, Nowacki W, et al. Magnesium deficiency and metabolic syndrome: stress and inflammation may reflect calcium activation. Magnes Res. 2010;23(2):73-80. doi:10.1684/mrh.2010.0208.
9 Altura BM, Shah NC, Shah GJ, et al. Magnesium deficiency upregulates sphingomyelinases in cardiovascular tissues and cells: cross-talk among proto-oncogenes, Mg(2+), NF-κB and ceramide and their potential relationships to resistant hypertension, atherogenesis and cardiac failure. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2013;6(10):861-879.
10 Mazur A, Maier JA, Rock E, et al. Magnesium and the inflammatory response: potential physiopathological implications. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007;458(1):48-56. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2006.03.031
11 Swaminathan R. Magnesium metabolism and its disorders. Clin Biochem Rev. 2003;24(2):47-66.
12 Supakatisant C, Phupong V. Oral magnesium for relief in pregnancy-induced leg cramps: a randomised controlled trial. Matern Child Nutr. 2015;11(2):139-145. doi:10.1111/j.1740-8709.2012.00440.x
13 Aydin H, Deyneli O, Yavuz D, et al. Short-term oral magnesium supplementation suppresses bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010;133(2):136-143. doi:10.1007/s12011-009-8416-8
14 Mocci F, Canalis P, Tomasi PA, et al. The effect of noise on serum and urinary magnesium and catecholamines in humans. Occup Med (Lond). 2001;51(1):56-61. doi:10.1093/occmed/51.1.56
15 Whyte KF, Addis GJ, Whitesmith R, et al. Adrenergic control of plasma magnesium in man. Clin Sci (Lond). 1987;72(1):135-138. doi:10.1042/cs0720135
16 Seelig MS. Consequences of magnesium deficiency on the enhancement of stress reactions; preventive and therapeutic implications (a review). J Am Coll Nutr. 1994;13(5):429-446. doi:10.1080/07315724.1994.10718432
17 Golf SW, Bender S, Grüttner J. On the significance of magnesium in extreme physical stress. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1998;12 Suppl 2:197-202. doi:10.1023/a:1007708918683
18 Jahnen-Dechent W, Ketteler M. Magnesium basics. Clin Kidney J. 2012;5(Suppl 1):i3-i14. doi:10.1093/ndtplus/sfr163
19 Singewald N, Sinner C, Hetzenauer A, et al. Magnesium-deficient diet alters depression- and anxiety-related behavior in mice--influence of desipramine and Hypericum perforatum extract. Neuropharmacology. 2004;47(8):1189-1197. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.08.010
20 Cheungpasitporn W, Thongprayoon C, Mao MA, et al. Hypomagnesaemia linked to depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intern Med J. 2015;45(4):436-440. doi:10.1111/imj.12682
21 Long S, Romani AM. Role of Cellular Magnesium in Human Diseases. Austin J Nutr Food Sci. 2014;2(10):1051.
22 Gröber U, Schmidt J, Kisters K. Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy. Nutrients. 2015;7(9):8199-8226. Published 2015 Sep 23. doi:10.3390/nu7095388
23 Rosanoff A, Weaver CM, Rude RK. Suboptimal magnesium status in the United States: are the health consequences underestimated? Nutr Rev. 2012;70(3):153-164. doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00465.x
24 Dasgupta A, Sarma D, Saikia UK. Hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2012;16(6):1000-1003. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.103020
25 Heer M, Egert S. Nutrients other than carbohydrates: their effects on glucose homeostasis in humans. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2015;31(1):14-35. doi:10.1002/dmrr.2533
26 Rotter I, Kosik-Bogacka D, Dołęgowska B, et al. Relationship between serum magnesium concentration and metabolic and hormonal disorders in middle-aged and older men. Magnes Res. 2015;28(3):99-107. doi:10.1684/mrh.2015.0391